A non-industrialized diet improves gut health, reduces disease risk, and positively influences cardiometabolic parameters through microbiome interactions.

The human gut microbiome has co-evolved with its host under conditions vastly different from industrialization-associated conditions. The transition to an industrialized lifestyle has significantly reduced gut microbiota diversity, increased pro-inflammatory microbes, and led to the loss of fibre-degrading symbionts. These changes contribute to a higher prevalence of non-communicable diseases (NCDs), such as metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease.
A study published in Cell explored the effects of a microbiome-restorative diet in healthy Canadians. Participants followed a traditional Papua New Guinea-inspired diet enriched with fibre, stachyose, and raffinose, alongside supplementation with Limosilactobacillus reuteri. Results showed that fibre intake doubled while saturated fat consumption decreased. Positive shifts in the microbiome were observed, including reduced alpha diversity and increased levels of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which are essential for gut health. The intervention also lowered cholesterol, fasting glucose, and C-reactive protein levels, reducing inflammation and improving insulin sensitivity.
In addition to metabolic improvements, the diet decreased metabolites linked to NCDs and contributed to weight reduction. However, these effects were temporary, reversing when participants returned to their usual diets. This underscores the importance of sustained adherence to a non-industrialized diet for long-term benefits.
The study highlights the potential of a non-industrialized diet to restore microbiome health and mitigate cardiometabolic risk. By enhancing gut flora diversity and improving metabolic parameters, such diets offer a promising avenue for preventing and managing NCDs.
Disclaimer: The information provided reflects general trends and is not personalized medical advice. Consult your healthcare provider for recommendations tailored to your individual needs.