A study published in The Lancet Regional Health – Europe has revealed a connection between the consumption of ultra-processed foods and a heightened risk of mortality, particularly from diseases affecting the circulatory system, digestive system, and Parkinson’s disease.
The Rise of Ultra-Processed Foods
Modern dietary habits in high-income countries are dominated by ultra-processed foods, which contribute up to 60% of daily calorie intake. This shift in food culture has been associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes, and premature death. According to the researchers, “Addressing the gaps in the research on ultra-processed foods is crucial to formulating effective dietary recommendations.”
Study Overview
The research analyzed data from 428,728 participants across nine European countries (excluding Greece), with a follow-up period averaging 15.9 years. To avoid reverse causality, individuals with severe illnesses at the study’s onset were excluded. Using the NOVA food classification system, the researchers categorized foods into four groups based on their processing level, with a specific focus on ultra-processed foods. Substitution models were then used to assess the impact of replacing 10% of ultra-processed foods with minimally processed or unprocessed alternatives.
Key Findings
The study confirmed a clear link between the consumption of ultra-processed foods and increased mortality rates:
- Diseases of the circulatory system: A 9% increase in mortality risk per standard deviation increase in consumption (HR: 1.09, 95% CI: 1.07–1.12).
- Diseases of the digestive system: A 12% increase in mortality risk (HR: 1.12, 95% CI: 1.05–1.20).
- Parkinson’s disease: A 23% increase in mortality risk (HR: 1.23, 95% CI: 1.06–1.42).
Notably, no statistically significant association was found between ultra-processed food consumption and mortality from cancer or Alzheimer’s disease.
The substitution models revealed that replacing just 10% of ultra-processed foods with unprocessed options could reduce overall mortality risk by 6–9%, depending on the food group replaced.
Implications and Recommendations
This study underscores the importance of dietary interventions to reduce ultra-processed food consumption, highlighting their potential to significantly lower mortality risks. Policymakers can use these findings to develop strategies that promote healthier eating habits and minimize dependence on ultra-processed foods.
As the authors conclude,
Important Note
The statistics provided in medical research reflect general trends and may not apply to individual cases. Always consult a healthcare professional to make informed decisions about your diet and health.
