An international team of researchers has made an important breakthrough in understanding the process of metastasis , the leading cause of death among cancer patients. Scientists have identified a unique “genetic signature” consisting of 177 genes, which is common to different types of malignant neoplasms and controls the process of their spread in the body.
Professor Vijay Tiwari from the University of Southern Denmark, who led the study, highlights the special importance of the discovery of two key genes: SP1, which accelerates metastasis, and KLF5, which performs the opposite function, inhibiting this process. This discovery challenges the established belief that there are significant differences in the mechanisms of metastasis in different types of cancer.
A particularly promising aspect of the study is the possibility of early prediction of the risk of metastasis. By analyzing the activity of the detected 177-gene signature in the tumor, doctors will be able to predict the likelihood of cancer spreading and start preventive treatment in a timely manner. As Professor Tiwari points out, this approach can save the lives of patients, especially those whose cancer is detected before metastasizing to vital organs.
The researchers also discovered the potential of the existing FDA-approved drug Vorinostat to block metastases. Ryan Lusby of Queen’s University Belfast, first author of the study, emphasizes the importance of identifying common principles for metastasis of different types of cancer and the possibility of using this information to develop universal therapeutic approaches.
Dr. Engin Demirdizen, a co-author of the study, described an important observation regarding the dynamic interaction between tumor cells and their microenvironment through the WNT signaling pathway, which is regulated by the transcription factor SP1.
This discovery has several important practical applications:
– Expanding therapeutic capabilities through a targeting approach to common genetic drivers of different types of cancer
– Accelerating the introduction of new therapies through the repurposing of existing drugs
– Possibility of personalized assessment of the risk of metastasis and appropriate adaptation of the treatment strategy
For patients and their families, this study opens up new perspectives in the fight against metastatic cancer, a condition traditionally considered the most difficult to treat. Understanding and influencing the genetic triggers of metastasis offers a real path to prolonging and improving the quality of life of cancer patients, as well as reducing the emotional and financial burden associated with disease progression.
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